Fatty Acids
A fatty acid is a carboxylic acid, an organic acid characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Triglycerides are composed of individual fatty acids. It takes three fatty acid molecules to make a single triglyceride molecule. A single glycerol molecule link together fatty acids. The glycerol molecule acts as a “backbone” for the triglyceride.
There are dozens of different types of fatty acids. They are grouped together into three general categories: saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated. There are many different kinds of
fatty acids
in each general category.
Saturated Fatty Acids
| Acetic acid | 2 carbons | 0 double bonds | Vinegar | | Butyric acid | 4 carbons | 0 double bonds | Butterfat | | Caproic Acid | 6 carbons | 0 double bonds | Butterfat | | Caprylic acid | 8 carbons | 0 double bonds | Coconut oil | | Capric acid | 10 carbons | 0 double bonds | Palm oil | | Lauric acid | 12 carbons | 0 double bonds | Coconut oil | | Myristic Acid | 14 carbons | 0 double bonds | Nutmeg oil | | Palmitic Acid | 16 carbons | 0 double bonds | Animal & vegetable oils | | Stearic acid | 18 carbons | 0 double bonds | Animal & vegetable oils | | Arachidic acid | 20 carbons | 0 double bonds | Peanut oil |
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids
| Palmitoeic Acid | 16 carbons | 1 double bond | Butterfat | | Oleic Acid | 18 carbons | 1 double bond | Olive oil | | Erucic Acid | 22 carbons | 1 double bond | Rapeseed or canola oil |
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
| Linoleic acid | 18 carbons | 2 double bonds | Vegetable oil | | Alpha-Linolenic acid | 18 carbons | 3 double bonds | Linseed oil | | Arachidonic acid | 20 carbons | 4 double bonds | Lecithin | | Eicosapentaenoic acid | 20 carbons | 5 double bonds- | Fish oils | | Docosahexaenoic acid | 22 carbons | 6 double bonds | Fish oils |
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